However, due to several reasons, this is not always the case. It is generally agreed that each egg is built with a complete capacity to produce a perfect new organism. Macroscopically, the egg is a simple structure with three major components (shell, albumen, and yolk), demonstrating unique characteristics and playing specific roles during incubation. Research on this matter is recent and usually directed to metabolic interventions, such as the role of substances which stimulate or mediate enzyme transcription. However, these injections are limited to small amounts, and preferably done with more available forms of micronutrients.
These typically have expected compositions, which are notably affected by the hen's nutrition.Īfter oviposition, the egg may be submitted to changes due to in ovo injection using the vaccination equipment routinely used in hatcheries. Specific nutrients are mobilized by the embryo from each of these parts. Macroscopically, the fertile egg has three components: shell, yolk, and albumen. Developmental limitations and embryo mortality are aggravated when any inadequacy in these conditions prevail. To support the embryo during incubation, oxygen is the only nutrient not derived from the egg however, adequate oxygen concentrations in the surrounding air and its free passage through well-established shell membrane porosities are essential. Amounts, but also forms, of nutrients deposited in the egg determine success of embryo development and hatching of a healthy chick. Follicular deposition of nutrients occurs over a wide range of time, but becomes relevant during the week prior to ovulation. In this sense, breeder male contribution is not important. Keywords: Broiler, egg, mineral, vitamin.Īvian embryos develop and grow from energy and nutrients stored in the egg by the hen. Chicken embryo utilization of egg micronutrientsĭepartamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
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